Lightning accident

Is it safe to be on the mountain during a storm? Well, certainly not!

More than a hundred people die in Brazil every year due to lightning-related accidents, and a much larger number of people are indirectly struck and survive. However, many incidents could certainly be avoided.

How to avoid lightning events?

It is important to understand that there is no safe place outdoors during a lightning storm or even during a lightning-only event (yes, lightning can strike without rain!). The best way to avoid an accident is prevention—avoiding exposure. Check the weather forecast and stay home if a storm is expected, especially avoiding high places (hilltops, mountains, and rocky areas) and exposed locations (rock faces, open fields, beaches, the sea). Some weather forecast websites and apps already indicate the probability of an electrical storm. However, keep in mind that, in general, lightning strikes more frequently during warmer seasons, such as summer and spring (but they do occur year-round).

If you are already outdoors when the storm approaches, seek shelter: descend the mountain and move to lower areas, preferably sheltering in a forest or wooded area in the valley. Avoid standing under an isolated tree, as if it is struck, there is a high probability that you will receive an indirect electrical discharge. The safest locations, if available, are enclosed buildings (a house rather than a shed), preferably with electricity (ideally with a lightning rod), or inside a closed vehicle (car, van, bus). Mountain shelters in high and exposed locations without electricity will provide shelter from rain but may increase your exposure to lightning—evaluate your options!

Illustrative image generated by artificial intelligence

When lightning strikes, the electrical discharge will travel through the ground, trees (including branches and roots), fences, rock surfaces, and rivers until it dissipates. You can be struck by secondary lightning from above (tree branches) or from below (ground, roots), so avoid being or becoming the shortest path between the sky and the ground. Lower yourself and insulate yourself from the ground if possible; sit on your backpack, equipment, or even on grass or a clump of vegetation—it will be better than sitting directly on a wet rock surface.

If someone is struck by lightning, conduct a proper assessment of the patient (it is safe to touch them) and check for a pulse and breathing, as cardiac and respiratory arrest is one of the main causes of death. Be prepared to perform resuscitation maneuvers and seek medical assistance immediately! Burns are also very common.

In summary, plan your activities and avoid unnecessary exposure—don’t rely on luck! Schedule activities such as summiting mountains, taking long traverses, and climbing large walls during autumn and winter when the incidence of lightning is lower. Do not underestimate nature—many lives have been lost with the mentality of “it won’t happen to me.”

Happy adventures!

This post is also available in: Português (Portuguese (Brazil)) Español (Spanish)